Introduction
Cholesterol is an oily and waxy like compound found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is also called a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and is more abundant in tissues which either create more of it or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain and is not soluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system attached to one of the types of lipoproteins. It is required in the membranes of mammalian cells for normal cell functioning, and is either synthesized or gotten from the diet, in which case it is carried by the bloodstream in low-density lipoproteins.
Cholesterol is minimally soluble in water; it cannot dissolve and travel in the water-based bloodstream. It is mostly found in animal fats: any food containing animal fats contains this substance; food not containing animal fats either contains none or negligible amounts. It is a waxy, fat-like substance that can build up on the walls of your arteries (blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body) and plays essential parts in the formation of cell membranes, some hormones, as well as vitamin D.
Disease
Large numbers of low density particles (LDL) are strongly tied to the presence of arterial disease within the arteries. By contrast, having small amounts of large particles (HDL) has been independently associated with arterial disease progression within the arteries. In other words too much LDL or too little HDL is associated with disease of the arteries. This disease process can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease.
It is recommended that you have your levels tested more often than 5 years if a person: has combined levels of 200 mg/dL or more, is a man past age 45 or a woman over age 50, has HDL (good) cholesterol less than 40 mg/dL, or some other risk factors for heart disease and stroke. A campaign is under way to teach women that heart disease isn't just for men. It's estimated that 70,000,000 Americans have at least one form of heart disease. New results from the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial showed that consuming a low-fat diet for 8 years DID NOT prevent heart disease, breast cancer, or colon cancer, and didn't have much of an effect on weight loss, either.
What is becoming clearer and clearer is that bad fats, meaning saturated and trans fats, elevate the risk for certain diseases while good fats, meaning mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats, decrease the risk. In a study of over 80,000 female nurses, Harvard researchers actually found that raising cholesterol intake by 200 mg for every 1000 calories in the diet (approximately one egg a day) DID NOT appreciably increase the risk for heart disease. Recent research by Harvard investigators has shown that moderate egg consumption--up to 1 a day--DOES NOT elevate heart disease risk in healthy individuals. People with diabetes, however, should probably limit themselves to no more than 2 or 3 eggs per week, as the Nurse's Health Study found that for such individuals, an egg a day might elevate the risk for heart disease.
Levels
According to the lipid proposal , unusually high levels (AKA hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by contributing to atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). Because high LDL contributes to this process, it is named"bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") contribute a degree of protection against heart disease. Abnormally low levels are termed hypocholesterolemia. As has been stated, high levels in the blood can increase your chances of heart disease and your levels tend to rise as you become older. During the 1960s and 70s, scientists established a link between high blood levels and heart disease.
Some types of fat are obviously good for cholesterol levels and others are clearly bad for them. While it is well known that high blood levels are connected to an increased risk for heart disease, scientific studies have shown that there is only a weak relationship between the amount of cholesterol a person "consumes" and their blood levels or chances for heart disease.
For some persons with high levels, decreasing the amount in the diet has a small but meaningful impact on blood cholesterol levels. While it is certainly true that egg yolks have a lot of cholesterol--and, therefore may slightly affect blood levels--eggs also have nutrients that may help lower the chances for heart disease, including protein, vitamins B12 and D, riboflavin, and folate. Saturated fats raise total blood levels more than dietary cholesterol because they have a tendency to boost both good HDL and bad LDL. Trans fats are even worse than saturated fats because they increase bad LDL and lower good HDL.
In studies in which poly-unsaturated and mono-unsaturated fats were eaten in place of carbohydrates, these good fats decreased LDL levels and increased HDL levels. Logically, most of the effect that fat intake has on heart disease is because of its effect on blood cholesterol levels. In other words, low-fat diets appear to provide no apparent advantages over diets with fat levels close to the national average.
Conclusion
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found in every cell of the body and is also found in some of the foods you eat. It is recommended by the American Heart Association to test your levels every 5 years for persons aged 20 years or older. There are normally no signs or symptoms that you have high blood cholesterol, but it can be detected with a blood test. You are apt to have high levels if members of your family have it, if you are overweight or if you eat a lot of fatty foods. You can reduce your levels by exercising more and eating more fruits and vegetables. You also may need to take medicine to lower it.
Cholesterol is an oily and waxy like compound found in the cell membranes of all tissues, and is transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is also called a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and is more abundant in tissues which either create more of it or have more abundant densely-packed membranes, for example, the liver, spinal cord and brain and is not soluble in blood, but is transported in the circulatory system attached to one of the types of lipoproteins. It is required in the membranes of mammalian cells for normal cell functioning, and is either synthesized or gotten from the diet, in which case it is carried by the bloodstream in low-density lipoproteins.
Cholesterol is minimally soluble in water; it cannot dissolve and travel in the water-based bloodstream. It is mostly found in animal fats: any food containing animal fats contains this substance; food not containing animal fats either contains none or negligible amounts. It is a waxy, fat-like substance that can build up on the walls of your arteries (blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body) and plays essential parts in the formation of cell membranes, some hormones, as well as vitamin D.
Disease
Large numbers of low density particles (LDL) are strongly tied to the presence of arterial disease within the arteries. By contrast, having small amounts of large particles (HDL) has been independently associated with arterial disease progression within the arteries. In other words too much LDL or too little HDL is associated with disease of the arteries. This disease process can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke and peripheral vascular disease.
It is recommended that you have your levels tested more often than 5 years if a person: has combined levels of 200 mg/dL or more, is a man past age 45 or a woman over age 50, has HDL (good) cholesterol less than 40 mg/dL, or some other risk factors for heart disease and stroke. A campaign is under way to teach women that heart disease isn't just for men. It's estimated that 70,000,000 Americans have at least one form of heart disease. New results from the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial showed that consuming a low-fat diet for 8 years DID NOT prevent heart disease, breast cancer, or colon cancer, and didn't have much of an effect on weight loss, either.
What is becoming clearer and clearer is that bad fats, meaning saturated and trans fats, elevate the risk for certain diseases while good fats, meaning mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats, decrease the risk. In a study of over 80,000 female nurses, Harvard researchers actually found that raising cholesterol intake by 200 mg for every 1000 calories in the diet (approximately one egg a day) DID NOT appreciably increase the risk for heart disease. Recent research by Harvard investigators has shown that moderate egg consumption--up to 1 a day--DOES NOT elevate heart disease risk in healthy individuals. People with diabetes, however, should probably limit themselves to no more than 2 or 3 eggs per week, as the Nurse's Health Study found that for such individuals, an egg a day might elevate the risk for heart disease.
Levels
According to the lipid proposal , unusually high levels (AKA hypercholesterolemia) and abnormal proportions of LDL and HDL are associated with cardiovascular disease by contributing to atheroma development in arteries (atherosclerosis). Because high LDL contributes to this process, it is named"bad cholesterol", while high levels of HDL ("good cholesterol") contribute a degree of protection against heart disease. Abnormally low levels are termed hypocholesterolemia. As has been stated, high levels in the blood can increase your chances of heart disease and your levels tend to rise as you become older. During the 1960s and 70s, scientists established a link between high blood levels and heart disease.
Some types of fat are obviously good for cholesterol levels and others are clearly bad for them. While it is well known that high blood levels are connected to an increased risk for heart disease, scientific studies have shown that there is only a weak relationship between the amount of cholesterol a person "consumes" and their blood levels or chances for heart disease.
For some persons with high levels, decreasing the amount in the diet has a small but meaningful impact on blood cholesterol levels. While it is certainly true that egg yolks have a lot of cholesterol--and, therefore may slightly affect blood levels--eggs also have nutrients that may help lower the chances for heart disease, including protein, vitamins B12 and D, riboflavin, and folate. Saturated fats raise total blood levels more than dietary cholesterol because they have a tendency to boost both good HDL and bad LDL. Trans fats are even worse than saturated fats because they increase bad LDL and lower good HDL.
In studies in which poly-unsaturated and mono-unsaturated fats were eaten in place of carbohydrates, these good fats decreased LDL levels and increased HDL levels. Logically, most of the effect that fat intake has on heart disease is because of its effect on blood cholesterol levels. In other words, low-fat diets appear to provide no apparent advantages over diets with fat levels close to the national average.
Conclusion
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found in every cell of the body and is also found in some of the foods you eat. It is recommended by the American Heart Association to test your levels every 5 years for persons aged 20 years or older. There are normally no signs or symptoms that you have high blood cholesterol, but it can be detected with a blood test. You are apt to have high levels if members of your family have it, if you are overweight or if you eat a lot of fatty foods. You can reduce your levels by exercising more and eating more fruits and vegetables. You also may need to take medicine to lower it.
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